The effects of allium sativum on immunity within the scope of COVID-19 infection.
Identifieur interne : 000024 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000023; suivant : 000025The effects of allium sativum on immunity within the scope of COVID-19 infection.
Auteurs : Mustafa Metin Donma [Turquie] ; Orkide Donma [Turquie]Source :
- Medical hypotheses [ 1532-2777 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
The severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is quite variable and the manifestations varies from asymptomatic disease to severe acute respiratory infection. Fever, dry cough, dyspnea, myalgia, fatigue, loss of appetite, olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions are the most prevalent general symptoms. Decreased immune system cells such as suppressed regulatory T cells, cytotoxic and helper T cells, natural killer cells, monocytes/macrophages and increased proinflammatory cytokines are the characteristic features. Compounds derived from Allium sativum (garlic) have the potential to decrease the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and to reverse the immunological abnormalities to more acceptable levels. Allium sativum is suggested as a beneficial preventive measure before being infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus. Allium sativum is a functional food well-known for its immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, antimutagenic, antitumor properties. Its antiviral efficiency was also demonstrated. Some constituents of this plant were found to be active against protozoan parasites. Within this context, it appears to reverse most immune system dysfunctions observed in patients with COVID-19 infection. The relations among immune system parameters, leptin, leptin receptor, adenosin mono phosphate-activated protein kinase, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma have also been interpreted. Leptin's role in boosting proinflammatory cytokines and in appetite decreasing suggest the possible beneficial effect of decreasing the concentration of this proinflammatory adipose tissue hormone in relieving some symptoms detected during COVID-19 infection. In conclusion, Allium sativum may be an acceptable preventive measure against COVID-19 infection to boost immune system cells and to repress the production and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines as well as an adipose tissue derived hormone leptin having the proinflammatory nature.
DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109934
PubMed: 32512493
PubMed Central: PMC7265825
Affiliations:
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Electronic address: mdonma@nku.edu.tr.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatrics, Tekirdag</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tekirdag</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Donma, Orkide" sort="Donma, Orkide" uniqKey="Donma O" first="Orkide" last="Donma">Orkide Donma</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Istanbul</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:32512493</idno><idno type="pmid">32512493</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109934</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC7265825</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000113</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000113</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000113</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">000113</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000113</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">The effects of allium sativum on immunity within the scope of COVID-19 infection.</title><author><name sortKey="Donma, Mustafa Metin" sort="Donma, Mustafa Metin" uniqKey="Donma M" first="Mustafa Metin" last="Donma">Mustafa Metin Donma</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatrics, Tekirdag, Turkey. Electronic address: mdonma@nku.edu.tr.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatrics, Tekirdag</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tekirdag</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Donma, Orkide" sort="Donma, Orkide" uniqKey="Donma O" first="Orkide" last="Donma">Orkide Donma</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Turquie</country><wicri:regionArea>Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Istanbul</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Medical hypotheses</title><idno type="eISSN">1532-2777</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is quite variable and the manifestations varies from asymptomatic disease to severe acute respiratory infection. Fever, dry cough, dyspnea, myalgia, fatigue, loss of appetite, olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions are the most prevalent general symptoms. Decreased immune system cells such as suppressed regulatory T cells, cytotoxic and helper T cells, natural killer cells, monocytes/macrophages and increased proinflammatory cytokines are the characteristic features. Compounds derived from Allium sativum (garlic) have the potential to decrease the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and to reverse the immunological abnormalities to more acceptable levels. Allium sativum is suggested as a beneficial preventive measure before being infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus. Allium sativum is a functional food well-known for its immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, antimutagenic, antitumor properties. Its antiviral efficiency was also demonstrated. Some constituents of this plant were found to be active against protozoan parasites. Within this context, it appears to reverse most immune system dysfunctions observed in patients with COVID-19 infection. The relations among immune system parameters, leptin, leptin receptor, adenosin mono phosphate-activated protein kinase, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma have also been interpreted. Leptin's role in boosting proinflammatory cytokines and in appetite decreasing suggest the possible beneficial effect of decreasing the concentration of this proinflammatory adipose tissue hormone in relieving some symptoms detected during COVID-19 infection. In conclusion, Allium sativum may be an acceptable preventive measure against COVID-19 infection to boost immune system cells and to repress the production and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines as well as an adipose tissue derived hormone leptin having the proinflammatory nature.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="Publisher" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32512493</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>08</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1532-2777</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>144</Volume><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>Jun</Month><Day>02</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Medical hypotheses</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Med Hypotheses</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>The effects of allium sativum on immunity within the scope of COVID-19 infection.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>109934</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S0306-9877(20)31348-7</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109934</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>The severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is quite variable and the manifestations varies from asymptomatic disease to severe acute respiratory infection. Fever, dry cough, dyspnea, myalgia, fatigue, loss of appetite, olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions are the most prevalent general symptoms. Decreased immune system cells such as suppressed regulatory T cells, cytotoxic and helper T cells, natural killer cells, monocytes/macrophages and increased proinflammatory cytokines are the characteristic features. Compounds derived from Allium sativum (garlic) have the potential to decrease the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and to reverse the immunological abnormalities to more acceptable levels. Allium sativum is suggested as a beneficial preventive measure before being infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus. Allium sativum is a functional food well-known for its immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, antimutagenic, antitumor properties. Its antiviral efficiency was also demonstrated. Some constituents of this plant were found to be active against protozoan parasites. Within this context, it appears to reverse most immune system dysfunctions observed in patients with COVID-19 infection. The relations among immune system parameters, leptin, leptin receptor, adenosin mono phosphate-activated protein kinase, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma have also been interpreted. Leptin's role in boosting proinflammatory cytokines and in appetite decreasing suggest the possible beneficial effect of decreasing the concentration of this proinflammatory adipose tissue hormone in relieving some symptoms detected during COVID-19 infection. In conclusion, Allium sativum may be an acceptable preventive measure against COVID-19 infection to boost immune system cells and to repress the production and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines as well as an adipose tissue derived hormone leptin having the proinflammatory nature.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Donma</LastName><ForeName>Mustafa Metin</ForeName><Initials>MM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatrics, Tekirdag, Turkey. Electronic address: mdonma@nku.edu.tr.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Donma</LastName><ForeName>Orkide</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>02</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Med Hypotheses</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>7505668</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0306-9877</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Allium sativum</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Covid-19 infection</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Garlic</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Leptin</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Natural killer cells</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">T lymphocytes</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>16</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>29</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>9</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>9</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate 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